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Juries: The only reason ANYONE understands patent law AT ALL
Give us honest men, not a parcel o' wiggy land-sharks
Andrew's Mailbag Apple's recent mobile patent trial victory over Samsung has raised the spectre of justice being done behind closed doors by self-appointed elites.
Today, it's the norm for juries to decide patent disputes. Jury trials oblige the parties to speak in plain language. And there's plenty of wiggle room for cantankerous citizens to disobey "expert" advice. For example, the Californian jury that awarded Apple billion-dollar damages in the Samsung dispute nevertheless threw out several of Apple's allegations - eviscerating its claims over the iPad.
Yet after the verdict, intellectual property experts saw the opportunity to exclude the public. In the aftermath, we noted that IPKat, a UK-based blog written by lawyers and academics, pondered: "Does this jury verdict strongly argue against the case for jury trials?"
And it was joined by The Economist magazine, which proclaimed:
Specialised courts for patent disputes should be established, with technically minded judges in charge: the inflated patent-damage awards of recent years are largely the result of jury trials.
What's wrong with this picture? We're grateful to Professor Robin Feldman at Hastings College of Law at the University of California, in San Francisco, for providing us this extract from her 2009 book The Role of Science in Law. It includes a paper entitled Plain Language Patents, which you can read via the SSRN network here. Professor Feldman highlighted these passages:
If legal actors cannot understand the full implications of the terms being used, they cannot do an adequate job of considering the legal questions surrounding the precedents. They are, in essence, flying blind. . . .it is important to note that most legal actors have no scientific expertise. District court judges charged with patent interpretation are unlikely to have any scientific expertise The same is true for the jurors, who must decide other elements of patent cases. Even the specialized judges of the Federal Circuit may have little knowledge or experience relevant to a particular case. Most Federal Circuit judges have neither a technical background nor patent experience when they are appointed to the bench.Parroting technical language can obscure an inability to grasp the full meaning and implications of an issue. It creates the temptation to engage in a form of sophistry, to speak in . . . a seductive, jargon-filled way that leads us to believe we have mastered something deep for having learned to use the jargon. We cannot effectively engage in the process of interpretation and adaptation unless we are speaking a common language. Jargon is also the perfect vehicle for strategic behavior. It allows legal actors to use broad open-ended language and then argue later that whatever position they wish surely falls within the language chosen.
Most importantly, plain language allows judges to more easily understand the implications of their decisions and puts pressure on judges to take responsibility for those decisions. In particular, for judges who do have technical expertise, a plain language system avoids the temptation to suggest “we in the club know it when we see it, and that is good enough.” The requirement for clear and plain communication keeps legal actors faithful to supportable logic rather than subject to the whims of prejudice masked in obscurity.
The goal should be to encourage translation of scientific terms into understandable concepts, rather than to indulge jargon by creating its own forum.
"Prejudice masked in obscurity" - what a great phrase.
When they receive exclusive economic rights, inventors and creators get a quite unique privilege, and they get powerful protection in return. It doesn't seem unreasonable that disputes over these privileges are heard by their peers - by us. And it's telling who seeks to turn a drama into a crisis - and for what undemocratic ends. ®